The construction of the Sainte-Marie church began in 1828 under the direction of the architect Jacques Molinos, thanks to donations from Charles X and the Duchess of Angoulême.
The church was named Sainte-Marie des Batignolles in 1830 when Charles X established the new commune of Batignolles-Monceau, separating it from the commune of Clichy-la-Garenne.
In 1839, due to the growing population, it was decided to enlarge the small church, despite an earlier expansion in 1834.
As a result, the architect Paul-Eugène Lequeux (who would later build the town hall of the district) decided to add two chapels to the sides. On April 2, 1841, the archbishop, Denys Affre, blessed the statue of the Virgin and consecrated the two altars dedicated to the Virgin Mary and Saint Vincent de Paul.
Legend has it that a worker found a statuette of the Virgin during the foundation work. However, it is more certain to stick to the wish of the Duchess of Angoulême, who had wanted the new church to be dedicated to her patron saint, Mary of Nazareth.
The church has been listed as a historic monument since December 12, 1975.
The current appearance of the church dates from the mid-19th century. It is in the neoclassical style.
The church is shaped like a Greek temple. Its triangular pediment is supported by four columns. It is one of the few churches that does not have a bell tower. However, it does have a bell - Etiennette - in a small campanile built in 1857 following a project to construct two bell towers which did not materialize.
The Grand Organ of the Sainte-Marie des Batignolles church dates from 1923 and has undergone two restorations in 1947 and 1994. Its blower needs repair.